SP2013 - ADFS Authentification fails

Hi there,

for testing purposes I have set up a sharepoint farm with one sp2013-server, sql 2008R2 and one hostnamed web-application. I have also set up a new certification authority and an adfs-server, both based on windows 2012 r2.

After setting up sharepoint I created a new authentification provider like this:

http://technet.microsoft.com/de-de/library/hh305235%28v=office.15%29.aspx

But after switching my web app to adfs authentification fails with error messages like this:

error id 364:  

Exception details: 
Microsoft.IdentityServer.Web.InvalidRequestException: MSIS7042: The same client browser session has made '6' requests in the last '11' seconds. Contact your administrator for details.

Chrome shows me the ADFS landing page with "an error has occured", but IE just brings up a basic authentification and after entering credentials I see "webpage not found".

What I did:

Rechecked my whole config

Checked the thumbprint of the certificates

$sts = Get-SPSecurityTokenServiceConfig
$sts.LogonTokenCacheExpirationWindow = (New-TimeSpan –minutes 1)
$sts.Update()
Iisreset

Verified the time - is ok

Now I am out of ideas ... can somebody please help me?

Thanks

Marcel